PIPages
Labs

Kyle Mahowald

University of Texas at Austin, TX·Social Science

Talking about where things are is effortless for people and surprisingly hard for machines. Short words like "this," "that," "here," and "there" let a speaker point out an object, give directions, or share a location, and every human language has words of this kind.

Fields

Social Science

Computer Science

Psychology

Topics

spatial language

deixis

demonstratives

Grants
1 known grant, through Jul 2028

What they work on

  1. Measure how speakers of a variety of languages choose deictic words such as "this," "that," "here," and "there" to refer to objects and locations, using cross-linguistic behavioral experiments.
  2. Model the trade-off between precision and simplicity in spatial language using the Information Bottleneck framework, an information-theoretic approach developed to explain artificial neural network behavior.
  3. Identify the cognitive and environmental pressures that shape spatial reference by combining geospatial analysis of speakers' surroundings with machine learning models of word choice.
  4. Translate the resulting models into insights about how artificial intelligence and robotic systems can interpret and produce spatial language more naturally.

More about the research

But languages divide up space differently, and no one fully understands why they settle on the systems they do. That gap matters for any robot or assistant that has to share a room with a person and interpret or produce instructions about locations.

Why it matters

Spatial language is a persistent weak point for robots and language technologies that must act in physical spaces alongside people. Models that explain why languages carve up space the way they do could make such systems easier and safer to talk to, and the cross-linguistic experimental data would add to understanding of how efficiency pressures shape human language more broadly.

Known grants

From NIH and NSF research grants. Labs often have other funding we can't see.

Collaborative Research: SBE-UKRI: Spatial communication and computational efficiency

NSF · Aug 2025 – Jul 2028

Closest labs

Naomi Shin

University of New Mexico, NM·Social Science

Test whether the listener's location affects a speaker's choice of demonstratives ('this/that'), predicting stronger effects in languages with more demonstrative terms, through experiments that vary where the listener is.

Frederik Hartmann

University of North Texas, TX·Social Science

Build artificial neural networks that learn to reconstruct proto-forms, the ancestor words of a language family, from their descendant words, using large datasets spanning many language families.

Eszter Ronai

Northwestern University, IL·Psychology

Identify the real-time processing signals of focus, the marking of new or emphasized information, in languages with fixed versus flexible word order, using eye-gaze data and statistical modeling.

The school

University of Texas at Austin: 49 labs on PI Pages, $1.1B a year on research, 871 research doctorates a year.

More about University of Texas at Austin

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